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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Topological superconductivity in bilayer Rashba system.

Sho Nakosai1, Yukio Tanaka, Naoto Nagaosa

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|May 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We explore topological superconductivity in layered Rashba systems. This novel phase, without breaking time-reversal symmetry, is achievable in realistic semiconductor and oxide heterostructures.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Topological superconductivity is a quantum state with potential applications in fault-tolerant quantum computing.
  • Rashba systems, characterized by spin-orbit coupling, offer a platform for exploring exotic electronic phases.
  • Heterostructures of semiconductors and oxides provide tunable environments for novel material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the emergence of topological superconductivity in interacting two-layer Rashba systems.
  • To identify the conditions and mechanisms leading to time-reversal symmetry-preserving topological superconductivity.
  • To explore the phase diagram of superconductivity in these engineered systems.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of interacting two-layer Rashba systems.

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  • Analysis of hybridization effects on single-particle dispersion.
  • Investigation of electron-electron interactions and their influence on the superconducting phase.
  • Numerical study of edge channels using a tight-binding model.

    • Main Results:

    • A novel phase diagram for superconductivity is predicted, driven by hybridization and interlayer interactions.
    • Topological superconductivity is found to be realizable without breaking time-reversal symmetry.
    • Key conditions for this state include Fermi energy within the hybridization gap and repulsive interlayer interactions.
    • Numerical simulations confirm the presence of edge channels, consistent with topological properties.

    Conclusions:

    • Realistic semiconductor-oxide heterostructures can host time-reversal symmetry-preserving topological superconductivity.
    • The interplay of hybridization and interlayer interactions is crucial for achieving this exotic quantum state.
    • Experimental predictions are provided, guiding future research and potential applications.