Related Experiment Videos

[Daptomycin in Gram-positive bacterial infections in oncohematological patients and transplant recipients]

Jordi Carratalà1, Oscar Len, Julián de la Torre-Cisneros

  • 1Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España. jcarratala@ub.edu

Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica
|May 1, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Gram-positive infections pose significant risks for immunocompromised patients. Daptomycin offers a potent treatment option, effectively targeting resistant bacteria in oncohematological and transplant recipients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Gram-positive infections are a leading cause of illness and death in patients undergoing cancer treatment (oncohematology) and organ/stem cell transplantation.
  • Key pathogens include coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., and viridans group streptococci.
  • Rising antibiotic resistance in these bacteria presents a critical clinical challenge.

Purpose:

  • To review Gram-positive infections in immunocompromised populations.
  • To analyze the clinical experience and efficacy of daptomycin for treating these infections.

Summary:

  • Daptomycin demonstrates rapid bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria.
  • This includes activity against strains resistant to other antibiotics.
  • The review details daptomycin's application in oncohematological and transplant patients.

Impact:

  • Highlights daptomycin as a crucial therapeutic option for difficult-to-treat Gram-positive infections.
  • Informs clinical decision-making for managing infections in vulnerable patient groups.
  • Addresses the growing concern of antibiotic resistance in critical care settings.

Related Concept Videos

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...