Maternal superobesity and perinatal outcomes
Nicole E Marshall1, Camelia Guild, Yvonne W Cheng
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. marshani@ohsu.edu
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|May 1, 2012
Summary
Maternal superobesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m²) significantly increases the risk of perinatal complications like preeclampsia and macrosomia. Superobese women face higher rates of cesarean delivery compared to those with lower BMI categories.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Obesity in pregnancy is a growing concern.
- Defining risks associated with extreme obesity (superobesity) is crucial for improved maternal and infant outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare perinatal outcomes between maternal superobesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m²) and morbid obesity (BMI 40-49.9 kg/m²) or obesity (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m²).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of linked birth and hospital discharge data (2000-2006).
- Included singleton term infants born to obese women in Missouri.
- Excluded major congenital anomalies and women with pre-existing diabetes or hypertension.
Main Results:
- Superobese women (1.8%) had significantly higher risks of preeclampsia (aRR 1.7), macrosomia (aRR 1.8), and cesarean delivery (aRR 1.8) compared to obese women.
- Nearly half of superobese women (49.1%) delivered via cesarean section.
- 33.8% of superobese nulliparous women had scheduled primary cesarean deliveries.
Conclusions:
- Maternal superobesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m²) is associated with substantially increased risks for adverse perinatal outcomes.
- These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and management strategies for superobese pregnant individuals.
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