Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Characteristics of Bacteria in Urine and Stones from Patients Treated with Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Association with Postoperative Infection.

Infection and drug resistance·2024

Same author

Metformin suppresses calcium oxalate crystal-induced kidney injury by promoting Sirt1 and M2 macrophage-mediated anti-inflammatory activation.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2023

Same author

International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) guidelines on the metabolic evaluation and medical management of urolithiasis.

Urolithiasis·2022

Same author

The antibiotic strategies during percutaneous nephrolithotomy in China revealed the gap between the reality and the urological guidelines.

BMC urology·2022

Same author

Sterile water injections - a treatment for renal colic when other painkillers are contraindicated?

Scandinavian journal of urology·2022

Same author

Preoperative antibiotic therapy exceeding 7 days can minimize infectious complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with positive urine culture.

World journal of urology·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Urinary tract stone disease: are all problems solved?

Hans-Göran Tiselius¹

¹Division of Urology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. hans-goran.tiselius@telia.com

Scandinavian Journal of Urology

|May 2, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Minimally invasive treatments have largely replaced open surgery for urinary tract stones. However, residual fragments and recurrent stone formation remain significant challenges in urolithiasis management.

More Related Videos

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Published on: November 22, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Published on: November 22, 2019

Area of Science:

Urology
Nephrology
Surgical Innovation

Background:

Open surgery for urinary tract stones has been significantly reduced over the last 40 years.
Advancements in surgical techniques have revolutionized stone removal procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolution of active stone removal methods in urolithiasis.
To highlight persistent challenges in stone management and future directions.

Main Methods:

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
Ureteroscopy (URS)
Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS)

Main Results:

Minimally invasive techniques have largely superseded open surgical approaches.
Key challenges include managing residual stone fragments and preventing recurrence.

Conclusions:

Urologists are responsible for comprehensive care of patients with urolithiasis.
Further research is needed to address residual fragments and stone recurrence for optimal patient outcomes.