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Hydroxylated PBDEs induce developmental arrest in zebrafish.

Crystal Y Usenko1, David C Hopkins, Stephen J Trumble

  • 1Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
|May 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) cause developmental arrest and cell death in zebrafish embryos. These toxic compounds may also disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis and neurodevelopment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread environmental contaminants.
  • Hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) are metabolites of concern due to potential higher toxicity than parent compounds.
  • Limited data exists on the biological interactions and toxicity of OH-PBDEs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the developmental toxicity of three OH-PBDE congeners (3-OH-BDE 47, 5-OH-BDE 47, 6-OH-BDE 47) in embryonic zebrafish.
  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying OH-PBDE-induced developmental effects, including oxidative stress and gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Embryonic zebrafish were exposed to varying concentrations of 3-OH-BDE 47, 5-OH-BDE 47, and 6-OH-BDE 47.
  • Developmental endpoints, including developmental arrest and cell death, were assessed.

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  • Oxidative stress was evaluated using short-term exposures.
  • Gene expression analysis was performed on embryos exposed to 6-OH-BDE 47.

    • Main Results:

    • All three OH-PBDE congeners induced concentration-dependent developmental arrest and cell death.
    • 6-OH-BDE 47 exhibited adverse effects at lower concentrations compared to the other congeners.
    • Short-term exposures revealed OH-PBDEs induced oxidative stress.
    • Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of stress response, thyroid hormone regulation, and neurodevelopment genes, while oxidative stress genes were unaffected or downregulated.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydroxylated PBDEs are developmental toxicants in zebrafish embryos.
    • OH-PBDEs may induce developmental toxicity through mechanisms involving oxidative stress.
    • These compounds have the potential to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis and the cholinergic system.