Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis with endometriosis

Herein is described the case of a 41-year-old woman with disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis with distinct endometriosis. The pathogenesis of both conditions is as yet unclear; however, the 2 main hypotheses are discussed. Metaplastic origin from the secondary müllerian system has been suggested, as well as metastatic development. Inasmuch as spontaneous regression is likely, and the course of the disease can be influenced by hormonal withdrawal, operative measures could be refined to ensure the correct diagnosis and benignity.