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Related Concept Videos

Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Updated: May 22, 2026

Analysis of Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cell Metabolism
12:20

Analysis of Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cell Metabolism

Published on: November 9, 2019

Energy metabolism plasticity enables stemness programs.

Clifford D L Folmes1, Timothy J Nelson1, Petras P Dzeja1

  • 1Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|May 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell reprogramming to pluripotency requires a shift to glycolysis, while differentiation needs oxidative metabolism. Metabolic reprogramming is key to cell fate and tissue regeneration.

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A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Metabolic regulation
  • Cellular reprogramming

Background:

  • Cell fate plasticity is central to stem cell biology.
  • Genetic and epigenetic factors control stemness.
  • Energy metabolism influences cell identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of metabolic reprogramming in cell fate decisions.
  • To understand the bioenergetic requirements for pluripotency and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metabolic shifts during reprogramming.
  • Investigating mitochondrial function in stem cells and differentiated cells.

Main Results:

  • Reprogramming to pluripotency necessitates a switch from oxidative metabolism to glycolysis.
  • Pluripotency is sustained by a glycolytic metabotype.
  • Lineage specification requires mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Bioenergetics critically regulates stemness and lineage commitment.
  • Metabolic reprogramming plays a vital role in cell fate determination.
  • Metabolic reprogramming impacts tissue regenerative potential.