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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Isotope and multiband effects in layered superconductors.

Annette Bussmann-Holder1, Hugo Keller

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|May 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review compares cuprate, MgB(2), and iron-based superconductors, focusing on their layered, multiband structures and observed isotope effects. It highlights ongoing discussions about pairing mechanisms beyond conventional electron-phonon interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Three key superconductor classes are examined: cuprates, MgB(2), and iron-based compounds.
  • All are layered, multiband materials with complex structures and doping-dependent superconductivity.
  • Isotope effects are observed across all classes, offering insights into pairing mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cuprate, MgB(2), and iron-based superconductors.
  • To analyze experimentally observed isotope effects in these materials.
  • To investigate multiband signatures and their theoretical explanations.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of experimental data from three superconductor classes.
  • Focus on experimentally observed isotope effects.
  • Examination of multiband signatures in cuprates, MgB(2), and iron-based superconductors.

Main Results:

  • MgB(2) is a conventional, electron-phonon mediated superconductor extending Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory for multiband effects.
  • Cuprates and iron-based superconductors exhibit higher transition temperatures and complex structures.
  • Isotope effects, including exotic and controversial observations, are present in all three systems.

Conclusions:

  • Superconducting pairing mechanisms in cuprates and iron-based superconductors remain under discussion, with potential for electronic origins.
  • Multiband signatures are evident in MgB(2) and indicated in iron-based superconductors, though debated in cuprates.
  • Experimental data and theoretical models are crucial for understanding these complex superconducting materials.