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Related Concept Videos

Conditioned Taste Aversion01:14

Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conditioned taste aversion, also known as sauce béarnaise syndrome, is a phenomenon in which an individual develops an aversion to a certain food taste following a negative experience, typically illness. This form of aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which the taste of the food (conditioned stimulus, CS) is associated with the experience of illness (unconditioned stimulus, UCS).
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single exposure...
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Instinctive drift refers to the tendency of animals to revert to their innate behaviors despite repeated reinforcement. Breland and Breland demonstrated this concept in an experiment with a raccoon. The raccoon was trained to pick up two coins and place them in a container in exchange for food. Initially, the raccoon learned to associate the coins with food, making them a conditioned stimulus or a substitute for food. However, over time, the raccoon became less willing to put the coins into the...
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Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults
08:25

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Published on: October 19, 2014

Disgust mediates the relation between attentional shifting and contamination aversion.

T G Adams1, J M Lohr

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Arkansas, 315 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. tomadams@uark.edu

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
|May 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Poor attentional control and high disgust predict avoidance of contaminants, particularly in contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These factors, especially attentional shifting, indirectly influence behavioral approach via disgust.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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The Attentional Set Shifting Task: A Measure of Cognitive Flexibility in Mice
09:15

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Published on: February 4, 2015

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
10:51

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Contaminant aversion is crucial in psychiatric disorders like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Attentional control is theorized to influence pathological anxiety, particularly with emotional stimuli.
  • Understanding attentional control's role in contaminant aversion is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between attentional control, affective arousal, and behavioral approach to contaminants.
  • To explore the mediating role of disgust in the link between attentional shifting and contaminant avoidance.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-three undergraduate students participated.
  • Trait attentional control was measured.
  • Behavioral approach tasks assessed emotional reactivity and approach toward contaminants.

Main Results:

  • Poorer attentional control and greater affective arousal correlated with reduced behavioral approach to contaminants.
  • Attentional shifting deficits and increased disgust were linked to less behavioral approach.
  • Disgust fully mediated the relationship between attentional shifting and behavioral approach.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional shifting may predispose individuals to affective arousal and contaminant avoidance, mediated by disgust.
  • Findings suggest implications for the etiology of contamination-related OCD.
  • Future research should use clinical samples and objective measures for validation.