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[Cutaneous mucormycosis in an immunocompromised patient]
Marlis Täger F1, Luis Zaror C, Pilar Martínez D
1Instituto de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. mtager@uach.cl
Summary
This case study highlights a rare cutaneous mucormycosis infection in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Early diagnosis and combined antifungal therapy with amphotericin B and surgical debridement are crucial for successful outcomes in leukemia patients.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
- Leukemia, especially during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, increases susceptibility to invasive fungal infections.
- Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare but severe manifestation.
Purpose:
- To report a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a pediatric patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- To emphasize the diagnostic findings and successful treatment strategy.
- To highlight the importance of early recognition and intervention.
Summary:
- A 4-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed cutaneous mucormycosis of the elbow during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
- Diagnosis was confirmed by KOH microscopy, histopathology showing aseptate hyphae, and culture positive for Rhizopus microsporus var oligosporus.
- Successful treatment involved 40 days of amphotericin B, surgical debridement, and a skin graft.
Impact:
- This case underscores the need for vigilance in diagnosing mucormycosis in leukemia patients, even with cutaneous presentations.
- Combined medical (amphotericin B) and surgical management is effective for cutaneous mucormycosis in this population.
- Prompt intervention can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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