Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer
Published on: February 6, 2011
Two adolescent girls with keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder
Meral Torun Bayram1, Demet Alaygut, Yasemin Adali
1Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. meralt.bayram@yahoo.com.tr
Abstract:
Squamous metaplasia is a proliferative lesion characterized by the replacement of the transitional epithelium with stratified squamous cells. In the urinary system, it is mostly seen in the bladder. It can be nonkeratinized or keratinized. We report the cases of 2 adolescent girls with keratinizing metaplasia, 1 of whom presented with difficulty with indwelling catheterization and 1 with final terminal hematuria. The predisposing factors were recurrent urinary tract infection and additional catheterization in 1 of the patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination in both patients. We report on these cases to draw attention to this rare entity in children.
Related Concept Videos
Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia
Urinary Bladder
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

