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Related Concept Videos

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Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

Does action affect perception or memory?

Adam D Cooper1, Cassidy P Sterling, Michael P Bacon

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California-Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States. cooperadamd@gmail.com

Vision Research
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Action success influences how we perceive objects, but this study suggests it affects memory more than perception. Throwing accuracy impacted judged hole size only when the hole was not visible, supporting an action-specific memory account.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Perception Science
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Existing research suggests action outcomes (success/failure) alter object perception.
  • However, previous experimental designs may have confounded perception with memory.
  • This study investigates whether action outcomes influence perception or memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the effects of action outcomes on perception versus memory.
  • To test the hypothesis that action-specific effects are primarily memory-based.
  • To challenge existing action-specific perception accounts.

Main Methods:

  • Participants threw marbles into holes of varying sizes.
  • Hole size was assessed via haptic or verbal measures.
  • Three conditions were used: pre-throw (control), post-throw with visibility (perception), and post-throw without visibility (memory).

Main Results:

  • Judged hole size varied with throwing success exclusively in the memory condition (hole not visible).
  • No significant effect of throwing success on judged hole size was found in the perception condition (hole visible).
  • This indicates action outcomes influence memory, not perception.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the notion of action-specific perception.
  • Results support an action-specific memory account, where action outcomes modulate memory recall.
  • Future research should distinguish between perception and memory in action-effect studies.