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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology
12:36

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology

Published on: March 14, 2020

Genetics in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Sigrid Næss1, Alexey Shiryaev, Johannes R Hov

  • 1Norwegian PSC Research Center, Division of Cancer, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive liver disease linked to inflammatory bowel disease. Genetic studies reveal susceptibility loci that can be categorized by pathogenic aspects, aiding future research and patient subclassification.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology
12:36

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology

Published on: March 14, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Gastroenterology
  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, progressive cholestatic liver disease.
  • PSC frequently co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and carries a risk of cholangiocarcinoma.
  • The underlying causes and disease mechanisms of PSC are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and categorize genetic associations identified in PSC.
  • To explore how genetic predispositions relate to distinct pathogenic pathways in PSC.
  • To propose a framework for subclassifying PSC patients based on genetic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in PSC.
  • Grouping of identified genetic susceptibility loci based on pathogenic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of genetic associations related to inflammation, cholangiocyte function, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genetic loci associated with PSC.
  • These genetic associations can be meaningfully grouped into four key pathogenic categories.
  • The identified genetic loci highlight roles in inflammation, cholangiocyte dysfunction, fibrotic processes, and cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic findings in PSC can be organized by pathogenic aspects: inflammation, cholangiocyte function, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis.
  • Subclassifying PSC patients based on genetic predisposition may offer valuable insights for future research.
  • This genetic subclassification could facilitate targeted functional studies and personalized clinical approaches for PSC management.