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Nagakesara - a comparative pharmacognosy.

A Anandakumar¹, M Balasubramanian, R Muralidharan

¹Analytical Laboratory, The Indian Medical Practitioners Co-operative Pharmacy and Stores Limited, Adayar, Madras Pin - 600 020, India.

Ancient Science of Life

|May 5, 2012

Summary

This study details the pharmacognosy of three distinct Nagakesara plant species used in Indian traditional medicine. It clarifies the botanical origins of this important Ayurvedic drug.

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Area of Science:

Pharmacognosy
Ethnobotany
Phytochemistry

Background:

Nagakesara is a term used in Indian traditional medicine for remedies derived from multiple plant sources.
Regional variations exist in the identification and use of Nagakesara, leading to potential adulteration or substitution.
Understanding the pharmacognosy of each source is crucial for quality control and therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a detailed pharmacognostic evaluation of three distinct botanical sources used as Nagakesara.
To differentiate between Mesua ferrea Linn, Dillenia pentagyna Roxb, and Cinnamomum wightii Meissn when used as Nagakesara.
To provide a scientific basis for the identification and quality assessment of Nagakesara in traditional medicine.

Main Methods:

Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the dried floral buds of Mesua ferrea Linn.
Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the dried fruits of Dillenia pentagyna Roxb.
Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the dried fruiting inflorescence of Cinnamomum wightii Meissn.
Comparative analysis of morphological and anatomical features.

Main Results:

Detailed descriptions of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics for each of the three Nagakesara sources.
Identification of key distinguishing features for Mesua ferrea Linn, Dillenia pentagyna Roxb, and Cinnamomum wightii Meissn.
Highlighting the morphological and anatomical variations among the different Nagakesara drugs.

Conclusions:

The study establishes clear pharmacognostic parameters for differentiating the three primary botanical sources of Nagakesara.
This research aids in ensuring the authenticity and quality of Nagakesara used in Ayurvedic practice.
Accurate identification of Nagakesara sources is vital for consistent therapeutic outcomes and preventing misidentification.