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Related Concept Videos

The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
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The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface
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Published on: July 4, 2018

The canine oral microbiome.

Floyd E Dewhirst1, Erin A Klein, Emily C Thompson

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. fdewhirst@forsyth.org

Plos One
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The canine oral microbiome differs significantly from humans, with only 16.4% shared bacterial taxa. This study establishes a new taxonomic framework for canine oral bacteria, crucial for veterinary and medical research.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Comparative Genomics
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • The human oral microbiome is well-characterized, but canine oral microbiomes remain underexplored using culture-independent methods.
  • Canine oral bacteria are relevant to both veterinary and human health, yet many are unnamed and lack taxonomic classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the bacterial composition of the canine oral microbiome.
  • To compare the canine oral microbiome with the human oral microbiome.
  • To develop a provisional taxonomic scheme for canine oral bacteria based on 16S rRNA gene sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 5,958 16S rRNA gene sequences from 65 canine oral clone libraries.
  • Obtaining full-length 16S rRNA reference sequences for 353 canine bacterial taxa.
  • Utilizing a 98.5% 16S rRNA sequence similarity cutoff for taxonomic comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Identified 353 canine bacterial taxa across 14 phyla, 23 classes, 37 orders, 66 families, and 148 genera.
  • Found that 80% of the identified canine oral taxa are currently unnamed.
  • Demonstrated significant divergence between canine and human oral microbiomes, with only 16.4% shared taxa.

Conclusions:

  • Canine and human oral microbiomes are markedly different, challenging traditional bacterial identification methods based on phenotypic similarities.
  • The findings provide a foundational 16S rRNA-based taxonomic framework for canine oral bacteria.
  • This research is vital for understanding canine oral health, infectious diseases, and comparative mammalian microbiome studies.