Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaporization01:18

Vaporization

The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the aerosol...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Benzene-V<sup>+</sup>(CO)<sub>n</sub> "Piano Stool" Cations.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Photodissociation Dynamics of the Zn<sup>+</sup>(Acetylene) and Zn<sup>+</sup>(Ethylene) Cation-π Complexes.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Photodissociation and Infrared Spectroscopy of U<sup>+</sup>(CO<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub>, UO<sup>+</sup>(CO<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub>, and UO<sup>2+</sup>(CO<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub> Cation-Molecular Complexes.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Vibrational Signatures of Unrealized Phosphorus Suboxide Intermediates in White Phosphorus Oxidation Reactions.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same author

Misconceptions and Insights about Flame Tests.

Journal of chemical education·2025
Same author

Photodissociation Dynamics in (N<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub><sup>+</sup> Clusters.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
07:17

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser

Published on: May 9, 2018

Invited review article: laser vaporization cluster sources.

Michael A Duncan1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. maduncan@uga.edu

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Laser vaporization cluster sources are vital for producing atomic clusters and metal-molecular complexes. This review details design principles influencing cluster properties for new applications.

Area of Science:

  • * Physics and Chemistry of Clusters
  • * Materials Science

Background:

  • * Laser vaporization cluster sources have been utilized for 30 years in cluster science.
  • * These sources are crucial for producing gas-phase atomic clusters and metal-molecular complexes.
  • * Numerous cluster chemistry and physics experiments rely on this technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide a comprehensive examination of laser vaporization cluster source designs.
  • * To discuss the subtle design features impacting cluster production.
  • * To offer a framework for designing and implementing cluster sources for novel applications.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of experimental configurations from various laboratories.
  • * Analysis of the underlying chemistry and physics principles.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
03:49

Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Published on: June 10, 2019

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
11:47

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments

Published on: February 27, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
07:17

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser

Published on: May 9, 2018

Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
03:49

Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Published on: June 10, 2019

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
11:47

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments

Published on: February 27, 2013

  • * Examination of mechanical design aspects.

    • Main Results:

    • * Identification of key design features influencing cluster number, size, composition, charge state, and temperature.
    • * Detailed discussion of the interplay between design choices and source performance.
    • * A framework for understanding and optimizing cluster generation.

    Conclusions:

    • * The design of laser vaporization cluster sources involves intricate details affecting cluster characteristics.
    • * Understanding these principles is essential for advancing cluster science and applications.
    • * This work serves as a guide for future development and implementation of cluster sources.