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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
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Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans

Published on: September 8, 2023

Panoramic cone beam computed tomography.

Jenghwa Chang1, Lili Zhou, Song Wang

  • 1Radiation Oncology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA. jec2046@med.cornell.edu

Medical Physics
|May 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Panoramic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables imaging at the treatment position with a larger volume. This novel technique offers comparable image quality to standard CBCT but with potentially lower imaging dose and time.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiotherapy Physics
  • Image Reconstruction

Background:

  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is crucial for image-guided radiotherapy.
  • Current CBCT has limitations in imaging volume and patient positioning.
  • Peripheral lesions require imaging away from the central treatment position.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel
  • panoramic CBCT
  • technique.
  • Enable imaging at the treatment position with an expanded imaging volume.
  • Assess feasibility and image quality of panoramic CBCT.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential scanning from multiple view angles with half scans.
  • Direct image stitching of panoramic projection images.
  • Full-fan, half-scan CBCT reconstruction using modified simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART).
  • Validation using simulated MCAT thorax phantom data with introduced stitching imperfections.
  • Monte Carlo simulations for dose and scattering effects.

Main Results:

  • Panoramic CBCT achieved complete reconstruction with perfect stitching, comparable to gold-standard full-scan CBCT.
  • Imperfect stitching resulted in artifacts, reduced contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and geometric distortion.
  • Panoramic CBCT demonstrated lower imaging dose for equivalent image quality.
  • For identical dose, panoramic CBCT achieved 50% higher CNR compared to standard CBCT.

Conclusions:

  • Panoramic CBCT allows imaging of any tumor location and patient size at the treatment position.
  • The technique offers comparable or reduced imaging dose and time.
  • Image quality is sensitive to stitching artifacts, necessitating improved algorithms.
  • Further development of image stitching algorithms is required for clinical implementation.