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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Age-related changes in parahippocampal white matter integrity: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

E Rogalski¹, G T Stebbins, C A Barnes

¹Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center at Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Neuropsychologia

|May 8, 2012

Summary

Healthy aging leads to reduced parahippocampal white matter (PWM) volume and fiber integrity, impacting memory function. These brain changes in the PWM, including the perforant pathway, may explain age-related memory decline.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Gerontology
Medical Imaging

Background:

The parahippocampal white matter (PWM), including the perforant pathway, is crucial for relaying sensory information for memory.
PWM integrity alterations are observed in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of healthy aging on macro- and micro-structural changes in the PWM.
To compare PWM characteristics in cognitively healthy young and older adults.

Main Methods:

Volumetry, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and tractography were used to analyze PWM in vivo.
21 young (YNG) and 21 older (OLD) healthy individuals participated.

Main Results:

Older adults showed significantly reduced PWM volume compared to younger adults.
Reduced integrity of white matter fibers within the PWM was observed in older individuals.
PWM volume, memory performance, and DTI indices differentiated young from old participants.

Conclusions:

Healthy aging is associated with macro- and micro-structural alterations in the PWM.
These age-related PWM changes may contribute to the normal decline in memory function by impairing hippocampal information flow.