Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and anaphylaxis:...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Melatonin Use and Association With Delirium Burden Among Children Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit Within a Large Pediatric Healthcare Organization.

Journal of pharmacy practice·2025

Same author

Diagnostic Uncertainty Among Critically Ill Children Admitted to the PICU: A Multicenter Study.

Critical care medicine·2024

Same author

Prevalence and Characteristics of Diagnostic Error in Pediatric Critical Care: A Multicenter Study.

Critical care medicine·2023

Same author

Obstetric clinical pharmacy: A necessary birth of a new specialty.

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists·2023

Same author

Postintubation Sedation Practices Within Multiple Emergency Departments Across a Large Pediatric Health Care Organization.

Pediatric emergency care·2023

Same author

Decreases in Nephrotoxic Pain Medications Are Not Associated With Increased Opioid Utilization in Critically Ill Children.

Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Published on: August 28, 2021

Dexmedetomidine in a child with methylphenidate intoxication.

Dayanand N Bagdure¹, Girija R Bhoite, Pamela D Reiter

¹Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 17th Ave, Mail Stop 8414, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. dbagdure@peds.umaryland.edu

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|May 8, 2012

Summary

Dexmedetomidine effectively manages pediatric methylphenidate toxicity, controlling agitation and cardiovascular symptoms without causing respiratory depression. This offers a safer alternative to traditional sedatives like benzodiazepines for managing stimulant overdose in children.

More Related Videos

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Published on: August 28, 2021

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

Area of Science:

Pediatric Toxicology
Pharmacology
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Methylphenidate intoxication is a frequent pediatric emergency.
Agitation is commonly treated with benzodiazepines or barbiturates.
Benzodiazepines carry a risk of respiratory depression, potentially requiring mechanical ventilation.

Observation:

A case study involved a 7-year-old girl with methylphenidate toxicity.
The patient presented with severe agitation and cardiovascular stimulation.
Traditional sedatives were considered but posed risks.

Findings:

Dexmedetomidine was administered to manage the patient's symptoms.
The treatment successfully controlled agitation and cardiovascular stimulation.
Crucially, dexmedetomidine did not lead to respiratory compromise.

Implications:

Dexmedetomidine presents a potentially safer alternative for managing pediatric methylphenidate toxicity.
This approach may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in stimulant overdose cases.
Further research into dexmedetomidine's role in pediatric toxicology is warranted.