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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

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Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
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Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

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Published on: August 24, 2019

Acute appendicitis in a developing country.

Victor Y Kong¹, Bojana Bulajic, Nikki L Allorto

¹Department of General Surgery, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.

World Journal of Surgery

|May 8, 2012

Summary

Acute appendicitis is a growing concern in South Africa, often presenting late with high perforation rates. This audit highlights significant morbidity and mortality, impacting the healthcare system.

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Area of Science:

Surgery
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Prospective audit of acute appendicitis conducted in rural and peri-urban South Africa.
Focuses on the spectrum and outcomes of appendicitis at a busy regional hospital.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the spectrum and outcomes of acute appendicitis in South Africa.
To assess the burden of appendicitis on the South African health service.

Main Methods:

Prospective audit conducted over one year (September 2010 - September 2011).
Data collected from 200 patients undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis at Edendale Hospital.

Main Results:

High perforation rate (57%) with significant intra-abdominal contamination.
Major complications included pneumonia (12.5%), wound dehiscence (7%), and renal failure (3%).
Overall mortality rate was 2% (4/200).

Conclusions:

Increasing incidence of acute appendicitis in African patients, though lower than in developed nations.
Late presentation and high perforation rates contribute to significant morbidity and mortality.
Acute appendicitis represents a substantial burden on the South African healthcare system.