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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...

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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
06:27

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Published on: December 31, 2015

The preterm infant with thrombosis.

Rukhmi Bhat1, Paul Monagle

  • 1Hematology/Oncology/Stem cell transplant, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, USA. rbhat@childrensmemorial.org

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|May 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sick preterm infants face high risks of thrombosis due to factors like sepsis and genetic conditions. This review covers the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of blood clots in these vulnerable infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research

Background:

  • Preterm infants have unique hemostatic balance challenges.
  • Thrombotic complications are a significant risk in sick neonates.
  • Age-related coagulation differences exist in newborns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of thrombosis in preterm infants.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology and risk factors for neonatal thrombosis.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for thrombotic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric thrombosis studies.
  • Analysis of risk factors including sepsis, asphyxia, and thrombophilia.
  • Examination of current anticoagulation practices extrapolated from adult data.

Main Results:

  • Sepsis, asphyxia, dehydration, central lines, and thrombophilia are key risk factors.
  • Anticoagulation is the primary treatment, often based on adult protocols.
  • Diagnosis and management require specialized neonatal expertise.

Conclusions:

  • Thrombosis is a critical concern in sick preterm infants.
  • Understanding risk factors is essential for prevention and early diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed for optimized, age-specific treatment guidelines.