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Reward-related attentional biases and adolescent substance use: the TRAILS study
Madelon E van Hemel-Ruiter1, Peter J de Jong, Albertine J Oldehinkel
1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 1/2, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands. m.e.van.hemel-ruiter@rug.nl
Abstract:
Current cognitive-motivational theories of addiction propose that prioritizing appetitive, reward-related information (attentional bias) plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of substance abuse. This study focused on reward-related attentional processes that might be involved in young-adolescent substance use. Participants were young adolescents (N = 682, mean age = 16.14), who completed a motivated game in the format of a spatial orienting task as a behavioral index of appetitive-related attentional processes and a questionnaire to index substance (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) use. Correlational analysis showed a positive relationship between substance use and enhanced attentional engagement, with cues that predicted potential reward and nonpunishment. These results are consistent with the view that adolescents who show a generally enhanced appetitive bias might be at increased risk for developing heavier substance use.
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