Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Metabolic Diseases
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver condition globally, strongly correlated with metabolic syndrome.
• Rising rates of obesity and diabetes are driving an increase in NAFLD prevalence, especially in at-risk populations.
• NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), involving liver inflammation and potential fibrosis progression to cirrhosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current understanding of NAFLD and NASH.
• To highlight diagnostic standards and therapeutic mainstays.
• To underscore the need for further research into disease pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of NAFLD and NASH.
• Analysis of histological findings and diagnostic criteria.
• Summary of current therapeutic approaches and research directions.

Main Results:

• NAFLD is a widespread liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity.
• NASH can lead to liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis.
• Liver biopsy is the primary diagnostic tool.

Conclusions:

• Current NAFLD management emphasizes weight loss, diet, and metabolic syndrome treatment.
• Effective pharmacological treatments for NASH are lacking, representing a critical area for ongoing research.
• Further investigation into NAFLD pathogenesis and progression risk factors is essential.