Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time

According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time (MRT) is an important measure in pharmacokinetics. MRT can be defined as the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It provides valuable insights into drug disposition in the body.
After the administration of a drug through intravenous bolus injection, the drug molecules are distributed throughout the body and remain there for varying periods. The MRT represents the average time these drug molecules stay in the...

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Transit, Absorption and Dissolution Time

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Transit, Absorption and Dissolution Time

When drugs are administered extravascularly, a comprehensive evaluation through noncompartmental analysis becomes imperative. This analytical approach considers various parameters that play a crucial role in understanding the pharmacokinetics of these drugs.
One of the key parameters is the mean transit time (MTT), which refers to the total duration required for drug molecules to transit through the body. MTT is determined by calculating the ratio of the area under the moment curve to the area...

Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory

Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory

Noncompartmental analyses leverage statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events, encapsulating the collective outcomes stemming from the constituent elements in play. Statistical moment theory is a mathematical approach used to describe the time course of drug concentration in the body without assuming a specific compartmental model. SMT provides insights into drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination by treating drug concentration versus time...

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Influence of Elimination Half-Life on Effect Duration

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Influence of Elimination Half-Life on Effect Duration

Drug elimination from the body primarily occurs through metabolic and excretion pathways. Hepatic metabolism transforms lipophilic drugs into hydrophilic forms for excretion, typically via enzymatic processes classified as phase I (modification) and phase II (conjugation). Renal excretion eliminates drugs and metabolites through filtration and secretion in the kidneys. Impairment in liver or kidney function can hinder these processes, delaying drug clearance and extending the drug’s half-life.

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Duration of Dose-Effect Relationship

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Duration of Dose-Effect Relationship

For drugs producing a quantal response, onset occurs when plasma concentration reaches a minimum effective level (Cmin). The drug's action duration depends on how long the plasma concentration remains above Cmin.Two primary factors influence this duration: dose size and the rate of drug removal from the action site. Both depend on the drug's redistribution to poorly perfused tissues and elimination processes. A larger dose promotes rapid onset and prolongs the effect's duration.Consider a...

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models

Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Analysis of immune cell populations in atrial myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation or sinus rhythm.

PloS one·2017

Same author

Intelligent Soft Computing on Forex: Exchange Rates Forecasting with Hybrid Radial Basis Neural Network.

TheScientificWorldJournal·2016

Same author

A physiological view and structures of mean residence times.

General physiology and biophysics·2013

Same author

Novel approach to bioequivalence assessment based on physiologically motivated model.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2009

Same author

Computer controlled sequential simulation method: reconsidering evaluation of measurements from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2009

Same author

Physiologically motivated time-delay model to account for mechanisms underlying enterohepatic circulation of piroxicam in human beings.

Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology·2008

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Multi-Stream Perfusion Bioreactor Integrated with Outlet Fractionation for Dynamic Cell Culture

Multi-Stream Perfusion Bioreactor Integrated with Outlet Fractionation for Dynamic Cell Culture

Published on: July 20, 2022

Physiologically based structure of mean residence time.

Mária Durišová¹

¹The Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia. maria.durisova@savba.sk

Thescientificworldjournal

|May 9, 2012

Summary

This study introduces a novel, physiologically meaningful structure for mean residence time (MRT), a key pharmacokinetic parameter. Traditional methods couldn't identify this structure, necessitating new approaches from linear dynamic systems theory.

More Related Videos

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Hyperpolarized ¹³C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Published on: December 30, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Multi-Stream Perfusion Bioreactor Integrated with Outlet Fractionation for Dynamic Cell Culture

Multi-Stream Perfusion Bioreactor Integrated with Outlet Fractionation for Dynamic Cell Culture

Published on: July 20, 2022

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Hyperpolarized ¹³C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Published on: December 30, 2016

Area of Science:

Pharmacokinetics
Systems Biology
Physiological Modeling

Background:

Mean residence time (MRT) is a critical pharmacokinetic parameter.
A physiologically based MRT structure has not been previously established.
Traditional pharmacokinetic methods are insufficient for identifying MRT structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify a physiologically meaningful structure for mean residence time (MRT).
To address the limitations of traditional methods in determining MRT structures.
To contribute novel insights into the understanding of MRT.

Main Methods:

Utilized tools from the theory of linear dynamic systems.
Applied structural identification techniques for MRT.
Developed a new approach beyond traditional pharmacokinetic analysis.

Main Results:

Successfully identified a physiologically meaningful MRT structure.
Demonstrated the utility of linear dynamic systems theory in pharmacokinetic modeling.
The identified structure provides new physiological context for MRT.

Conclusions:

The identified MRT structure is physiologically relevant.
This work advances the understanding of MRT and its physiological basis.
The approach may enhance established knowledge in pharmacokinetics.