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Measurement of Healthy and Injured Triceps Surae Morphology
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Comparative triceps surae morphology in primates: a review.

Jandy B Hanna1, Daniel Schmitt

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV 24901, USA.

Anatomy Research International
|May 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Primate leg muscle studies reveal similarities in ankle plantar flexor mass distribution among great apes, atelines, and lorisines. This suggests shared locomotion and may relate to semiplantigrade and climbing behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Primate evolutionary biology
  • Comparative anatomy
  • Locomotor biomechanics

Background:

  • Primate locomotor evolution, especially bipedalism, is primarily studied through morphology.
  • Existing research often focuses on primate forelimbs, hips, and thighs.
  • Limited data exists on primate leg muscle myology and function, despite the importance of ankle plantar flexors in human bipedalism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fiber type and muscle mass variation in primate ankle plantar flexors.
  • To compare these variations across different primate groups and with other mammals.
  • To understand the functional implications of triceps surae morphology in primate locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of existing data on primate ankle plantar flexor fiber type.
  • Analysis of muscle mass distribution within the triceps surae across primate taxa.
  • Comparative analysis with non-primate mammal data.

Main Results:

  • Great apes, atelines, and lorisines show similar mass distribution patterns in their triceps surae.
  • These patterns suggest a shared locomotor mode among these primate groups.
  • Triceps surae morphology in these groups approaches that observed in humans.

Conclusions:

  • Variation in triceps surae morphology is linked to shared locomotor behaviors in primates.
  • The human-like triceps surae morphology in certain primates may indicate frequent use of semiplantigrade locomotion and vertical climbing.
  • Further research into leg muscle myology is crucial for understanding primate locomotor evolution.