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RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Polyethyleneimine-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

Polyethyleneimine-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 5, 2019

Interfering nanoparticles for silencing microRNAs.

Huricha Baigude¹, Tariq M Rana

¹Program for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

Methods in Enzymology

|May 10, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed interfering nanoparticles (iNOPs) for effective delivery of anti-microRNAs (anti-miRs). This novel system achieved significant and lasting silencing of miR-122 in mouse liver without immune response.

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Polyethyleneimine-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

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Published on: February 5, 2019

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Chitosan/Interfering RNA Nanoparticle Mediated Gene Silencing in Disease Vector Mosquito Larvae

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Published on: March 25, 2015

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
RNA Therapeutics

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key posttranscriptional gene regulators implicated in various biological processes and diseases.
Dysregulated miRNAs present therapeutic targets, with anti-miRNAs (anti-miRs) being promising silencing agents.
Efficient in vivo delivery of anti-miRs remains a significant challenge in miRNA-targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and characterize a novel systemic delivery agent for small RNAs, specifically anti-miRs.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of this delivery system for silencing target miRNAs in vivo.

Main Methods:

Development of interfering nanoparticles (iNOPs) from lipid-functionalized poly-L-lysine dendrimers.
Complexation of chemically stabilized anti-miR-122 with iNOPs for systemic delivery.
Intravenous administration of anti-miR-122/iNOP complexes in mice and assessment of miR-122 silencing in the liver.

Main Results:

iNOPs demonstrated efficient delivery of small RNAs, including anti-miRs.
Systemic delivery of anti-miR-122 using iNOPs resulted in 83% specific silencing of miR-122 in mouse liver.
The observed silencing effect was long-lasting and did not elicit an immune response.

Conclusions:

Interfering nanoparticles (iNOPs) represent a viable and effective platform for systemic delivery of anti-miRs.
This technology holds promise for advancing miRNA-targeted therapeutics by overcoming delivery barriers.
The iNOP system offers a safe and durable approach for achieving specific miRNA silencing in vivo.