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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases

Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases

Published on: July 3, 2025

Aging and dry eye disease.

Juan Ding¹, David A Sullivan

¹Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Juan.ding@schepens.harvard.edu

Experimental Gerontology

|May 10, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dry eye disease, often caused by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), is common in older adults. This review explores how aging and anti-aging ingredients like retinoids may worsen MGD and dry eye.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Dermatology
Gerontology

Background:

Dry eye disease is a common condition, particularly affecting the elderly.
Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a primary cause of dry eye, with prevalence increasing with age.
MGD involves hyperkeratinization of meibomian gland ducts and altered meibum, impacting tear film stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms underlying age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
To explore the potential role of retinoids in exacerbating MGD and dry eye disease.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on aging, MGD, and dry eye disease.
Analysis of the impact of cosmetic ingredients, specifically retinoids, on meibomian gland function.

Main Results:

Aging is associated with increased prevalence and severity of MGD.
Retinoids, common in anti-aging cosmetics, may contribute to MGD development and dry eye symptoms.

Conclusions:

Age-related changes contribute significantly to MGD.
The use of retinoids in anti-aging skincare warrants further investigation for its potential to induce or worsen MGD and dry eye disease.