Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026

Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases
Published on: July 3, 2025
Aging and dry eye disease
1Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Juan.ding@schepens.harvard.edu
Abstract:
Dry eye disease is a prevalent eye disorder that in particular affects the elderly population. One of the major causes of dry eye, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), shows increased prevalence with aging. MGD is caused by hyperkeratinization of the ductal epithelium of meibomian gland and reduced quantity and/or quality of meibum, the holocrine product that stabilizes and prevents the evaporation of the tear film. Of note, retinoids which are used in current anti-aging cosmetics may promote the development of MGD and dry eye disease. In this review, we will discuss the possible mechanisms of age-related MGD.
Related Concept Videos
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
Diabetic Retinopathy
The Effect of Aging on Tissues
Glaucoma: Overview
Accessory Structures of the Eye

