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Feeding in the two first years of life

Daniela Braga Lima1, Elizabeth Fujimori, Ana Luiza Vilela Borges

  • 1Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brasil, danibraga@usp.br.

Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da U S P
|May 10, 2012
PubMed

Insights

This study on infant feeding practices found that while breastfeeding duration was suboptimal, the early introduction of other foods led to unbalanced diets, with iron deficiency being common in the first year. Interventions are needed to improve infant nutrition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infant and young child feeding practices are critical determinants of child health and development.
  • Nutritional deficiencies in early life can have long-lasting health consequences.
  • Understanding current feeding patterns is essential for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feeding practices of children under two years of age in Belo Horizonte.
  • To assess the duration of breastfeeding and the timing of complementary feeding introduction.
  • To identify nutritional inadequacies in the diets of young children.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2004-05 using data from the Population Study of Food Consumption in Belo Horizonte (ECAP-BH).
  • Home interviews were conducted with 148 mothers/guardians of children younger than two years.
  • Dietary intake over the past 24 hours, including breast milk and age of complementary feeding introduction, was surveyed.

Main Results:

  • Median exclusive breastfeeding duration was 60 days; median total breastfeeding duration was 150 days.
  • Introduction of other milk types and non-dairy foods occurred earlier than recommended.
  • Diets were nutritionally unbalanced, with iron deficiency being the most prevalent nutrient deficit in the first year of life.

Conclusions:

  • Current infant feeding practices in Belo Horizonte require improvement, particularly regarding timely and appropriate complementary feeding.
  • There is a significant need for municipal health services to implement interventions promoting healthy complementary feeding practices.
  • Addressing iron deficiency and ensuring balanced nutrition from infancy is crucial for child health outcomes.

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