Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial Comment on Interstitial Cystitis: Past, Present, and Future-A Patient Perspective by Jane Meijlink.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same author

Editorial Comment on Angiogenesis, Angiogenetic Factors, and Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) by N. Yoshimura et al.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same author

Editorial Comment on Rationale for the Use of 8-Aminoguanine for the Management of Cystitis by Lori A. Birder.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same author

Clinical Implications of Glomerulation After Cystoscopic Hydrodistention in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same author

Therapeutic efficacy and predictive factors for a successful outcome after platelet-rich plasma injections in men with post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence.

International urology and nephrology·2026
Same author

Use of disease-specific biomarkers in identifying interstitial cystitis and guiding effective treatment for its different subtypes.

Tzu chi medical journal·2026
Same journal

Real-World Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same journal

Outcomes of Gemcitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Paclitaxel Salvage Chemotherapy in Japanese Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same journal

Editorial Comment to Salivary Free Testosterone as a Potential Biomarker for Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Postmenopausal Women: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same journal

Editorial Comments to "Feasibility of Approximate Post-Void Residual Measurement in Children Using Bladder Scanners".

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same journal

Effects of Vornorexant, a Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist, on Bladder Function in Rats and Nocturnal Voiding Frequency in Patients With Insomnia.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same journal

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Erectile Dysfunction in Japanese Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Male Cancer Survivors.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
07:05

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea

Published on: November 9, 2016

Botulinum toxin injection for lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Yue-Chen Kuo1, Hann-Chorng Kuo

  • 1Department of Urology, Yangming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association
|May 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Botulinum toxin type A is a new treatment for refractory lower urinary tract dysfunctions. It effectively treats conditions like overactive bladder and incontinence in various patient groups.

More Related Videos

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
07:05

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea

Published on: November 9, 2016

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pharmacology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTD) often resist standard treatments.
  • Botulinum toxin has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for LUTD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical advances of botulinum toxin type A in treating LUTD.
  • To summarize the efficacy and applications of botulinum toxin type A for various lower urinary tract conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical trials and literature.
  • Analysis of botulinum toxin type A's application in urethral and intravesical injections.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes for diverse LUTD.

Main Results:

  • Botulinum toxin type A is effective for detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, neurogenic/idiopathic detrusor overactivity, and sensory disorders.
  • Intravesical injections show efficacy in treating urinary incontinence in men, women, and children.
  • It is also used for lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients unsuitable for surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Botulinum toxin type A represents a significant advancement in managing refractory LUTD.
  • Its versatility extends to various conditions including overactive bladder, incontinence, and BPH-related symptoms.
  • Further research continues to explore its therapeutic potential in urology.