Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Controls-II

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...

Bioreactor Controls-I

Bioreactor Controls-I

Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...

Microbial Fermentation

Microbial Fermentation

Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...

Methods of Medium Optimization

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...

Bioreactor Controls-III

Bioreactor Controls-III

Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

DYRK1B regulates Hedgehog-induced microtubule acetylation.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2018

Same author

Biocompatible bacteria-derived vesicles show inherent antimicrobial activity.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2018

Same author

Characterization of an Unusual Glycerate Esterification Process in Vioprolide Biosynthesis.

ACS chemical biology·2018

Same author

ATG16 mediates the autophagic degradation of the 19S proteasomal subunits PSMD1 and PSMD2.

European journal of cell biology·2018

Same author

A polyphasic approach leads to seven new species of the cellulose-decomposing genus Sorangium, Sorangium ambruticinum sp. nov., Sorangium arenae sp. nov., Sorangium bulgaricum sp. nov., Sorangium dawidii sp. nov., Sorangium kenyense sp. nov., Sorangium orientale sp. nov. and Sorangium reichenbachii sp. nov.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2018

Same author

The vacuolar-type ATPase inhibitor archazolid increases tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells by accumulating extracellular collagen.

PloS one·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Published on: August 15, 2019

Methods to optimize myxobacterial fermentations using off-gas analysis.

Stephan Hüttel¹, Rolf Müller

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.

Microbial Cell Factories

|May 11, 2012

Summary

Gas composition significantly impacts microbial metabolite production. Controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) levels is crucial for discovering novel bioactive compounds from myxobacteria.

More Related Videos

Optimize Flue Gas Settings to Promote Microalgae Growth in Photobioreactors via Computer Simulations

Optimize Flue Gas Settings to Promote Microalgae Growth in Photobioreactors via Computer Simulations

Published on: October 1, 2013

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

Published on: December 15, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Published on: August 15, 2019

Optimize Flue Gas Settings to Promote Microalgae Growth in Photobioreactors via Computer Simulations

Optimize Flue Gas Settings to Promote Microalgae Growth in Photobioreactors via Computer Simulations

Published on: October 1, 2013

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

Published on: December 15, 2017

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Metabolomics

Background:

Extensive research exists on carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) effects on microbial secondary metabolite production, primarily focusing on optimizing established processes.
Less attention has been given to how varying CO2 and O2 levels influence overall metabolite profiles and their synergistic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of different carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) concentrations on the metabolite profiles of myxobacteria.
To present a simple method for maintaining defined CO2 and O2 levels in bioprocesses.

Main Methods:

Cultivation of a myxobacterium (Chondromyces genus) under diverse CO2 and O2 concentrations.
Utilizing endogenously produced CO2 to maintain gas phase composition.
Monitoring gas exhaust for process control and optimization.

Main Results:

Significant differences in metabolite profiles were observed based on gas composition.
Production of unknown cytotoxic compounds and an antimicrobial substance increased with specific gas concentrations.
A straightforward approach was developed for controlling CO2 and O2 levels across a wide range.

Conclusions:

Gas partial pressures are critical factors in screening for novel bioactive compounds from myxobacteria.
The developed method offers a simple tool for studying gas phase influences on microbial metabolite production.