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[Valuation on the immunization efficacy on the 23 years who had received plasma-derived HBV vaccine as newborns]
Huan-zhu Zhang1, Wei-shou Wu, Fei Su
1Huangpu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) provided 23-year protection in children. No booster immunization was needed, demonstrating the vaccine's long-term efficacy against HBV infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Context:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global health concern.
- Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for controlling HBV transmission.
- Plasma-derived HBV vaccines were historically important in early HBV prevention efforts.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the long-term protective efficacy of a plasma-derived HBV vaccine.
- To assess the need for booster doses after extended follow-up.
- To analyze serological markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc) over 23 years.
Summary:
- A 23-year follow-up study tracked children vaccinated with plasma-derived HBV vaccine.
- Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive rates remained below 1%, indicating sustained protection.
- Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels showed a decline but protective efficacy remained high.
Impact:
- The study demonstrates the durable immunogenicity and protective effect of plasma-derived HBV vaccines.
- Findings suggest that booster doses may not be necessary for individuals vaccinated in childhood.
- This research contributes to understanding long-term vaccine effectiveness and informs public health policies for HBV control.
Objective:
To observe the long-term effect of plasma-derived HBV vaccine.
Methods:
The effect of a plasma-derived HBV vaccine which was given to children born in 1986 in Huangpu district in Shanghai were followed up once every two years and testing for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc was carried out. Compared to background results from cross-sectional survey of hepatitis B virus in 1984 and 1985 (as internal control) as well as finding of survey targeted in non-plasma-derived HBV vaccine of children born in the same time in the nearby area from results investigated in 1991 (as external control), positive rate was calculated to assess the effect of protection.
Results:
The population immunized was followed up for 23 years and 5993 blood samples were collected. During the period of follow-up, the positive rate of anti-HBs decreased from 89.01% to 18.77% and the average level was 40.39%. The average positive rate of anti-HBc was 1.87%. The annual positive rate fluctuated around the average level. HBsAg positive rate remained less than 1.00% (0.46% - 0.98%), with an average of 0.62% (37/5993). Ranges of positive efficacy were from 81.37% to 95.78% against background control and 72.76% against external control.
Conclusion:
The plasma-derived HBV vaccine showed a good long-term protective effect and there was no need for boosting the immunization 23 years later.
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