Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Brainstem control of sleep, wakefulness, alertness, and consciousness.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same author

Prognostic Value of CSF Total Tau Protein in Patients with Familial and Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.

Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders·2026
Same author

Decline of Parkinson's Disease Incidence in Israel: The Value of Cohort Analysis.

Neuroepidemiology·2026
Same author

Tauopathy strains differentially replicate in vitro in the presence of mutant tau monomer.

Neurobiology of disease·2025
Same author

G-protein-coupled receptor ADGRG1 drives a protective microglial state in Alzheimer's disease through MYC activation.

Neuron·2025
Same author

Declining incidence of Parkinson's disease in Israel (2002-2021).

Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Vascular dementia.

Amos D Korczyn1, Veronika Vakhapova, Lea T Grinberg

  • 1Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|May 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), is a growing concern. Research suggests AD and VaD interact, making a clear distinction difficult and highlighting the importance of managing vascular factors.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), presents a significant societal challenge.
  • Historically, AD and VaD have been researched separately, viewing them as distinct neurodegenerative and vascular conditions, respectively.
  • Emerging evidence indicates a complex interplay and additive effects between AD and VaD, challenging this dichotomous perspective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and pathological aspects of vascular dementia (VaD).
  • To explore the interaction between vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To emphasize the importance of the vascular component in dementia management and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and pathological findings in VaD.

More Related Videos

A Visual Approach for Inducing Dolichoectasia in Mice to Model Large Vessel-Mediated Cerebrovascular Dysfunction
04:29

A Visual Approach for Inducing Dolichoectasia in Mice to Model Large Vessel-Mediated Cerebrovascular Dysfunction

Published on: May 17, 2024

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis
05:12

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis

Published on: November 22, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

A Visual Approach for Inducing Dolichoectasia in Mice to Model Large Vessel-Mediated Cerebrovascular Dysfunction
04:29

A Visual Approach for Inducing Dolichoectasia in Mice to Model Large Vessel-Mediated Cerebrovascular Dysfunction

Published on: May 17, 2024

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis
05:12

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis

Published on: November 22, 2024

  • Analysis of epidemiological data linking vascular risk factors to AD.
  • Discussion of the interaction and overlap between AD and VaD pathologies.

    • Main Results:

    • A clear distinction between AD and VaD is often not possible or clinically useful due to their interaction.
    • Vascular risk factors are increasingly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
    • The vascular component warrants significant attention in managing dementia, even in cases with presumed mixed pathology.

    Conclusions:

    • The distinction between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) is blurred, necessitating a unified approach to dementia care.
    • Aggressive management of vascular factors is crucial for dementia prevention, including in stroke survivors without cognitive decline.
    • Given the lack of effective treatments for neurodegeneration, focusing on the modifiable vascular component is essential for both AD and VaD intervention.