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Polymerase Chain Reaction and Dot-Blot Hybridization for Leptospira Detection in Water Samples

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Leptospirosis: a re-emerging infection.

Jaydeep Sarkar¹, Aditi Chopra, Bhimrai Katageri

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College Units, PGIMER, India. jaydeep_sarkar@hotmail.com

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine

|May 12, 2012

Summary

Leptospirosis is a re-emerging infectious disease in urban India, often fatal due to poor sanitation. This case highlights the need for increased awareness and diagnosis of severe leptospirosis.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Public Health
Tropical Medicine

Background:

Leptospirosis, historically associated with occupational exposure and floods, is increasingly recognized as a threat in urban settings.
Poor sanitation and drainage in urban India during monsoon seasons contribute to the re-emergence of this potentially fatal disease.
A low index of suspicion often leads to underdiagnosis of leptospirosis.

Observation:

A fatal case of leptospirosis presented with severe multi-organ involvement.
The patient exhibited symptoms including acute liver failure, jaundice, encephalopathy, and respiratory failure.
This presentation underscores the severe manifestations leptospirosis can cause.

Findings:

The case demonstrates a fatal outcome of leptospirosis.
Severe liver and respiratory failure, along with neurological complications, were key features.
The disease's potential for rapid deterioration and lethality in an urban environment is highlighted.

Implications:

Increased vigilance and diagnostic suspicion for leptospirosis are crucial in urban India, especially during and after monsoon seasons.
Improving sanitation and drainage infrastructure is vital for controlling the spread of leptospirosis.
Timely diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent severe outcomes and mortality from leptospirosis.