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Related Concept Videos

Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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Updated: May 22, 2026

Combining Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Optical Coherence Tomography for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Skin Cancers via Image Acquisition
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Collapsing angiokeloidal dermatofibroma.

Alicia M Schnebelen1, J Ahmad Brown, Wang L Cheung

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.

The American Journal of Dermatopathology
|May 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Collapsing angiokeloidal dermatofibroma is a newly identified variant of benign fibrohistiocytic lesions. This distinct dermatofibroma presents unique microscopic features, expanding the spectrum of these skin tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Histopathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Dermatofibromas are a heterogeneous group of benign fibrohistiocytic lesions.
  • Existing variants are classified based on secondary histologic features.
  • These include aneurysmal, myxoid, lipidized, signet ring, angiomatous, and keloidal forms.

Observation:

  • A novel variant, collapsing angiokeloidal dermatofibroma, was identified in two patients.
  • The lesions presented as slow-growing nodules on the buttock and arm.
  • Microscopic examination revealed characteristic dermatofibroma morphology with unusual diffuse small caliber vessels.

Findings:

  • The small caliber vessels in this variant exhibit collapsed walls.
  • This collapse is due to a thick, eosinophilic, keloid-like substance.
  • The eosinophilic material does not stain for type-4 collagen, type-1 procollagen, amyloid, or glycogen, suggesting an ambiguous composition.

Implications:

  • Collapsing angiokeloidal dermatofibroma expands the morphologic spectrum of benign fibrous histiocytomas.
  • The unique histological features highlight diagnostic challenges in differentiating it from similar lesions.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the exact composition of the keloidal material.