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Related Concept Videos

Gap Junctions01:37

Gap Junctions

Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
Gap Junctions01:27

Gap Junctions

The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription factors...

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Related Experiment Video

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Engineering Skeletal Muscle Tissues from Murine Myoblast Progenitor Cells and Application of Electrical Stimulation
08:38

Engineering Skeletal Muscle Tissues from Murine Myoblast Progenitor Cells and Application of Electrical Stimulation

Published on: March 19, 2013

Enhanced gap junction expression in myoblast-containing engineered tissue.

Sureshkumar Perumal Srinivasan1,2, Klaus Neef1,2, Philipp Treskes1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|May 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an efficient method to isolate high-purity skeletal myoblasts (SMs) for cardiac cell therapy. Mechanical conditioning of engineered tissues maintained gap junction expression, improving potential electromechanical integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biotechnology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Skeletal myoblasts (SMs) are explored for cardiac cell therapy due to their availability and differentiation potential.
  • Clinical application is hindered by low purity/yield and poor integration with host myocardium, including lack of gap junction expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient method for isolating pure skeletal myoblast populations.
  • To investigate the effect of mechanical conditioning on gap junction expression and myoblast integration in engineered tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of skeletal myoblasts from neonatal mice.
  • Culture and differentiation of SMs under serum starvation.
  • Integration of SMs into engineered tissue constructs.
  • Application of passive longitudinal tensile stress for mechanical conditioning.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high yield (1.4 × 10^8) of pure (>99% desmin positive) SMs.
  • Serum starvation induced differentiation into contracting myotubes, but with loss of gap junction expression.
  • Mechanical conditioning of tissue constructs maintained or increased gap junction and cell adherence protein expression.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical loading of SMs in engineered tissues preserves gap junction expression.
  • This approach may enhance electromechanical integration of transplanted SMs into the myocardium.
  • Offers potential for improved cardiac cell therapy strategies.