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Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...

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Updated: May 22, 2026

Combined Recording of Mechanically Stimulated Afferent Output and Nerve Terminal Labelling in Mouse Hair Follicle Lanceolate Endings

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Accommodation to hyperpolarizing currents: differences between motor and sensory nerves in mice.

Hiroyuki Nodera¹, Seward B Rutkove

¹Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. hnodera1@yahoo.co.jp

Neuroscience Letters

|May 15, 2012

Summary

Nerve excitability testing revealed target-level dependent variability in both motor and sensory axons, suggesting differences in hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) kinetics. This method may help assess neurological disorders involving hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels.

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In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing

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Published on: February 6, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Electrophysiology

Background:

Peripheral motor nerves exhibit excitability variability linked to hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih).
The presence of similar variability in sensory axons remains uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate target-level dependent variability in Ih in mouse motor and sensory nerves.
To explore the potential of nerve excitability testing for assessing Ih-related neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

Performed nerve excitability testing on mouse tail motor and sensory nerves.
Utilized three target response levels (20%, 40%, 60% of maximum amplitude) with long hyperpolarizing currents.
Assessed threshold changes and accommodation (S3) under specific hyperpolarization conditions.

Main Results:

Demonstrated target-level dependent variability in excitability by hyperpolarizing currents in both motor and sensory nerves.
Observed smaller threshold changes at low target response levels compared to high target levels.
Found reduced S3 accommodation in sensory axons at low target response levels, but not in motor axons.

Conclusions:

Variability in hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) kinetics, potentially due to hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel subtypes, underlies observed nerve excitability differences.
Nerve excitability testing offers a potential non-invasive method for evaluating Ih in neurological conditions associated with HCN channel dysfunction.