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Updated: May 22, 2026
11:02
Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
Published on: October 30, 2013
[Recurrent bladder cancer after BCG instillation therapy. Local therapy options?].
J M Laturnus1, D Jocham, M Sommerauer
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein - Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland. Jan.Laturnus@uk-sh.de
Der Urologe. Ausg. A
|May 15, 2012
Summary
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) failure in patients presents diverse challenges. Radical cystectomy offers the best survival outcomes for those with BCG failure, while other therapies show potential.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
Context:
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
- BCG failure, including recurrence or refractory tumors, necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies.
- Management of BCG failure requires careful consideration of individual patient risk factors.
Purpose:
- To review the therapeutic options for patients experiencing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) failure.
- To evaluate the efficacy and potential of various treatment modalities following BCG failure.
- To highlight the role of radical cystectomy in achieving optimal survival in BCG failure cases.
Summary:
- BCG failure encompasses patients with BCG recurrence or BCG-refractory tumors.
- Treatment options include radical cystectomy, conservative approaches, intravesical chemotherapy (docetaxel, gemcitabine), and combination immunotherapy (BCG + interferon-α).
- Emerging strategies like mitomycin-EMDA and chemohyperthermia are under investigation.
- Radical cystectomy demonstrates the best disease-specific survival for patients with BCG failure.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of management strategies for BCG failure.
- Informs clinical decision-making regarding treatment selection for refractory bladder cancer.
- Highlights the critical role of cystectomy in improving survival rates for specific patient cohorts.
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