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Related Concept Videos

Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate light...
Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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Published on: November 2, 2012

Photomorphogenesis.

Andrej A Arsovski1, Anahit Galstyan, Jessica M Guseman

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195-1800.

The Arabidopsis Book
|May 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Plants use light cues to guide seedling development after germination. Light influences hypocotyl growth, cotyledon maturation, and stem cell activation, involving photoreceptors, transcription factors, and phytohormones.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Photobiology

Background:

  • Plants, as photoautotrophs, are highly sensitive to light.
  • Light significantly impacts plant development and physiology throughout their life cycle.
  • Seedling development is a critical phase influenced by the light environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of light on plant development during the seedling stage.
  • To understand how seedlings establish photosynthetic and reproductive success based on light exposure.
  • To review the molecular mechanisms underlying light-mediated seedling development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on plant photomorphogenesis.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involving photoreceptors, transcription factors, and phytohormones.

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  • Focus on the period between seed germination and the emergence of true leaves.

    • Main Results:

    • Light exposure triggers specific developmental events in seedlings.
    • Key events include hypocotyl growth inhibition and differentiation.
    • Cotyledon maturation and the establishment of apical meristems are light-dependent.

    Conclusions:

    • Light is a critical environmental signal regulating early plant development.
    • A complex network of photoreceptors, transcription factors, and phytohormones mediates these responses.
    • Understanding these light-mediated processes is essential for plant survival and success.