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Noradrenergic function in panic disorder.

D S Charney1, S W Woods, L M Nagy

  • 1Ribicoff Research Facilities, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven.

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Increased brain noradrenergic activity, particularly in the locus ceruleus (LC), is linked to anxiety and fear. This preclinical and clinical finding suggests a role for noradrenergic function in the development of panic disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Preclinical evidence indicates a link between anxiety/fear and increased brain noradrenergic neuronal activity.
  • Uncontrollable stress in animals is associated with altered brain noradrenergic function.
  • Abnormal noradrenergic system regulation is observed in human panic disorder patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the noradrenergic system in the development of anxiety and fear.
  • To investigate the connection between locus ceruleus (LC) activity and anxiety-like behaviors.
  • To examine the neurodevelopmental implications of noradrenergic dysfunction in panic disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical neuroanatomical, neurochemical, neurophysiologic, and behavioral evidence.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of studies involving laboratory animals (primates, cats) subjected to stress or LC activation.
  • Examination of clinical investigations on panic disorder patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Activation of LC noradrenergic neurons induces anxiogenic effects in nonhuman primates.
    • Elevated LC neuron firing correlates with anxiety/fear responses in freely moving cats.
    • Clinical data support abnormal noradrenergic system regulation in panic disorder.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased brain noradrenergic neuronal activity is a significant factor in the development of anxiety and fear.
    • The locus ceruleus (LC) plays a crucial role in mediating anxiety and fear responses.
    • Noradrenergic system dysregulation may be implicated in the neurodevelopmental course of panic disorder.