Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State01:25

Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State

During the absorptive state, which lasts approximately four hours after a meal, the body absorbs nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. The carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids we consume are broken down into monosaccharides, amino acids, and free fatty acids for absorption. While carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed as-is, lipids are absorbed in their broken-down forms and then re-esterified into triglycerides within enterocytes before being packaged into chylomicrons. These absorbed...
Protein Digestion01:02

Protein Digestion

Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stable Isotopes for the Study of Energy Nutrient Metabolic Pathways in Relation to Health and Disease.

Metabolites·2026
Same author

Chronic non-nutritive sweetener and free sugars consumption alters decision-making and risk-taking in young healthy adults.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

Dietary reference values for thiamin.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Plant-based proteins for infant formula: findings and recommendations from the ILSI Europe workshop.

Frontiers in nutrition·2025
Same author

Comment on 'Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Protein Intake to Support Muscle Mass and Function in Healthy Adults' by Nunes et al.-The Authors' Reply.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·2025
Same author

Adaptation of eating behaviour to reduced dietary protein intake in rats: influence of the amount of protein and amino acid composition in the diet.

Physiology & behavior·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Progressive-ratio Responding for Palatable High-fat and High-sugar Food in Mice
11:16

Progressive-ratio Responding for Palatable High-fat and High-sugar Food in Mice

Published on: May 3, 2012

Brain responses to high-protein diets.

Marion Journel1, Catherine Chaumontet, Nicolas Darcel

  • 1AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France.

Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|May 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

High-protein diets increase satiety by signaling the brain through gut hormones and neural pathways. This review explores how protein intake influences appetite regulation, energy balance, and eating behaviors.

More Related Videos

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
09:10

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents

Published on: November 1, 2019

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Progressive-ratio Responding for Palatable High-fat and High-sugar Food in Mice
11:16

Progressive-ratio Responding for Palatable High-fat and High-sugar Food in Mice

Published on: May 3, 2012

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
09:10

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents

Published on: November 1, 2019

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Proteins are recognized for their significant satiating effect compared to carbohydrates and fats.
  • Post-ingestion, gastrointestinal peptide hormones (e.g., cholecystokinin, glucagon peptide 1, peptide YY) signal energy status to the brain.
  • These hormonal signals, along with vagal afferents, influence feeding behavior by interacting with brain regions governing energy homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which metabolic signals from protein ingestion target the brain.
  • To elucidate the role of these signals in controlling feeding, energy expenditure, and hormonal regulation.
  • To understand the integration of homeostasis and reward pathways in response to protein consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the neurobiological and hormonal responses to protein intake.
  • Analysis of neural pathways and cellular energy sensors (mTOR, AMPK) involved in appetite regulation.
  • Examination of the impact of high-protein diets on brain activation patterns and reward system responses.

Main Results:

  • High-protein diets activate specific brain regions, including the nucleus tractus solitarius and arcuate nucleus, more than normal-protein diets.
  • Leucine, an amino acid, triggers neural mechanisms involving cellular energy sensors like mTOR and AMPK.
  • Protein consumption can reduce the hedonic response to food by influencing reward and motivation pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic signals originating from the gut after protein ingestion play a crucial role in regulating appetite and energy balance.
  • Understanding the neural circuits and hormonal interactions involved in protein-induced satiety is key to comprehending energy homeostasis.
  • The integration of peripheral signals with central reward mechanisms underlies the satiating effects of dietary protein.