Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026

08:24
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
Published on: August 25, 2023
China's life satisfaction, 1990-2010
Richard A Easterlin1, Robson Morgan, Malgorzata Switek
1Department of Economics, Un iversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0253, USA. easterl@usc.edu
Summary
Despite economic growth, China
Area of Science:
- Socioeconomic impacts of economic development
- Public health and well-being
Background:
- China has experienced unprecedented economic growth in output per capita over the last two decades.
- Despite this growth, life satisfaction trends in China mirror those of central and eastern European transition countries, showing a U-shaped pattern.
Observation:
- Life satisfaction in China mirrors a U-shaped pattern, similar to European transition economies.
- Despite a fourfold increase in per capita consumption, life satisfaction has not significantly improved.
- Trends correlate with rising unemployment, social safety net erosion, and increasing income inequality.
Findings:
- The U-shaped life satisfaction trend in China is linked to economic transition factors.
- Worsening life satisfaction disproportionately affects lower socioeconomic groups.
- Life satisfaction distribution has shifted from egalitarian to unequal, benefiting higher earners.
Implications:
- Economic growth alone does not guarantee improved life satisfaction.
- Policy interventions addressing unemployment, social welfare, and income inequality are crucial.
- Understanding socioeconomic impacts on well-being is vital for sustainable development.
Related Concept Videos
Applications of Life Tables
Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
Social Relationships and Well-Being
The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
Sources of Self-Esteem III: Social Comparison
Social comparison plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of personal success and self-worth. Rather than assessing our achievements in isolation, we interpret their significance relative to personal goals and critically in comparison to the performance of others. A grade of B in a mathematics exam might elicit pride if one's expectation was a C, yet result in disappointment if an A was anticipated or if peers achieved superior results. These comparative evaluations illustrate how both...
Self-Esteem and Culture
Self-esteem, a core psychological construct, is intricately shaped by cultural context and varies significantly between collectivist and individualistic societies. In collectivist cultures such as Japan, self-esteem tends to be flexible, context-sensitive, and influenced by relationships. A Japanese student, for instance, may show restraint in formal settings like school but behave more openly among close friends, reflecting the flexible and dynamic nature of self-concept in such...
Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and Emotional...
Neuroticism and Emotional...
Self-Esteem
Self-esteem, a core aspect of psychological well-being, reflects an individual's positive and negative self-evaluation in terms of worth, competence, and overall value. It is both a stable trait and a dynamic process, influenced by experiences and social interactions across the lifespan. While global self-esteem offers a general assessment, research highlights that self-esteem is multidimensional and varies across specific life domains.Domain-Specific Self-EsteemResearchers have delineated...