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Related Concept Videos

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma
09:25

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Published on: October 14, 2016

Human renal cancer stem cells.

Benedetta Bussolati1, Benjamin Dekel, Bruno Azzarone

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Experimental Medicine and Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy.

Cancer Letters
|May 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in kidney cancer drive tumor growth and recurrence due to their resistance to therapy. These cells also promote blood vessel formation and metastasis.

Keywords:
AngiogenesisDifferentiation therapyRenal cell carcinomaTumor stem cellsWilms’ tumor

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are implicated in tumor initiation and progression.
  • Renal carcinomas contain CSCs with tumor-initiating and pluripotent properties.
  • Specific CSC markers remain unidentified, necessitating functional characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the role and functions of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in renal carcinomas.
  • To understand the contribution of renal CSCs to therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which CSCs influence tumor microenvironment and metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Functional studies were employed for CSC characterization due to the absence of specific markers.
  • Assessment of CSC resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • Investigation of CSC-mediated vasculogenesis and exosome/microvesicle release.

Main Results:

  • Renal CSCs demonstrate tumor-initiating capabilities and pluripotency.
  • CSCs exhibit resistance to conventional chemo and radio therapy, suggesting a role in recurrence.
  • CSCs contribute to intra-tumor vasculogenesis via endothelial differentiation.
  • CSCs release exosomes/microvesicles that promote pre-metastatic niche formation.

Conclusions:

  • Renal CSCs are key drivers of kidney cancer establishment, progression, and recurrence.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • CSCs actively remodel the tumor microenvironment to support metastasis.