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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene01:22

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
Benzene to Phenol via Cumene: Hock Process01:27

Benzene to Phenol via Cumene: Hock Process

The synthesis of phenol from benzene via cumene and cumene hydroperoxide is called the Hock process. First, a Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction of benzene with propene gives cumene. Then cumene forms cumene hydroperoxide via a radical chain reaction. In the chain initiation step, the benzylic hydrogen is abstracted to give a benzylic radical. In the chain propagation step, the benzylic radical reacts with an oxygen diradical to form a cumene hydroperoxide radical. The cumene hydroperoxide...
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process01:10

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
19:58

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S-Phenyl 4-meth-oxy-benzothio-ate.

Adel S El-Azab, Alaa A-M Abdel-Aziz, Hussein I El-Subbagh

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 17, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    The crystal structure of a thioester molecule revealed a significant dihedral angle between its phenyl and benzene rings. Weak C-H⋯π interactions were observed in its crystalline state.

    Area of Science:

    • Organic Chemistry
    • Crystallography
    • Molecular Structure

    Background:

    • Thioesters are sulfur-containing organic compounds with diverse chemical properties.
    • Understanding molecular geometry is crucial for predicting chemical reactivity and physical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the precise three-dimensional structure of the title thioester molecule.
    • To investigate the spatial arrangement of its aromatic rings and functional groups.
    • To identify intermolecular interactions in the solid state.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed.
    • The crystal structure was solved and refined to atomic resolution.

    Main Results:

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    • The dihedral angle between the phenyl and benzene rings was determined to be 71.8(3)°.
    • The methoxy group was found to be nearly coplanar with its attached benzene ring (r.m.s. deviation of 0.0065(5) Å).
    • Weak carbon-hydrogen to pi-system (C-H⋯π) interactions were identified within the crystal lattice.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides detailed molecular geometry data for the specific thioester.
    • The observed planarity of the methoxy group and the significant inter-ring angle offer insights into electronic and steric effects.
    • The presence of C-H⋯π interactions suggests potential roles in crystal packing and molecular recognition.