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Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:16

Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of the aromatic...
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents01:25

Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents

Indirect-acting adrenergic agonists potentiate the effects of endogenous catecholamines through different mechanisms without directly binding to adrenoceptors.
One mechanism involves depleting stored catecholamines by displacing them from synaptic vesicles. These agents, known as "displacers," are transported into vesicles at the expense of noradrenaline. Examples include amphetamine and tyramine, which lack a catechol moiety, resulting in prolonged action, improved oral bioavailability, and...
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Preparation of Enantiopure Non-Activated Aziridines and Synthesis of Biemamide B, D, and epiallo-Isomuscarine
11:04

Preparation of Enantiopure Non-Activated Aziridines and Synthesis of Biemamide B, D, and epiallo-Isomuscarine

Published on: June 13, 2022

(E)-N-Benzyl-ideneadamantan-1-amine.

Xu-Dong Jin, Xue-Yue Yin, Hai-Bo Wang

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 17, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a C(17)H(21)N compound, revealing a slight twist between its benzene and imine groups. Molecular packing in the crystal is dominated by weak van der Waals forces.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Solid-State Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular geometry and intermolecular forces is crucial for predicting material properties.
    • Crystal structure analysis provides fundamental insights into the arrangement of molecules in the solid state.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the C(17)H(21)N compound.
    • To quantify the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the imine group.
    • To analyze the bond angles within the adamantane moiety and describe intermolecular interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Geometric parameters, including bond angles and dihedral angles, were precisely measured.

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  • Intermolecular interactions were assessed based on crystal packing analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the imine group was determined to be 5.1(4)°.
    • Carbon-carbon-carbon bond angles within the adamantane group varied from 107.88(19)° to 111.33(17)°.
    • Crystal packing is primarily governed by weak van der Waals interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The C(17)H(21)N compound exhibits a specific molecular conformation with a near-planar arrangement of the benzene and imine functionalities.
    • The adamantane cage displays typical bond angle characteristics.
    • The weak van der Waals forces indicate a loosely packed crystal structure.