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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

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The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
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Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
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Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition
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Published on: July 26, 2016

Distrontium lithium beryllium triborate, Sr(2)LiBeB(3)O(8).

Na Yu1, Ning Ye

  • 1Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Single crystals of distrontium lithium beryllium triborate, Sr(2)LiBeB(3)O(8), were synthesized. The crystal structure reveals connected [BeB(3)O(8)](8-) units forming chains, with Sr(2+) and Li(+) cations interspersed.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystal Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Beryllium borates are a class of inorganic compounds with diverse structures and properties.
  • Understanding the crystal structure of novel borates is crucial for exploring their potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize single crystals of distrontium lithium beryllium triborate, Sr(2)LiBeB(3)O(8).
  • To elucidate the crystal structure and cation coordination within this novel compound.

Main Methods:

  • Single crystals were obtained via spontaneous nucleation from a high-temperature melt.
  • The crystal structure was determined, revealing the arrangement of atoms and polyhedral units.

Main Results:

  • The structure of Sr(2)LiBeB(3)O(8) features interconnected [BeB(3)O(8)](8-) units forming chains along the b axis.
  • [BeB(2)O(7)](6-) rings composed of BeO(4) tetrahedra and BO(3) triangles are linked by additional BO(3) triangles.
  • Strontium cations (Sr(2+)) exhibit seven- or eight-coordination, while lithium cations (Li(+)) are tetra-coordinated.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully synthesized and characterized Sr(2)LiBeB(3)O(8).
  • The crystal structure demonstrates a unique chain-like arrangement of beryllium borate units.
  • The coordination environments of Sr(2+) and Li(+) cations provide insights into the compound's stability and potential properties.