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Related Concept Videos

Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases
07:36

Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases

Published on: July 3, 2025

Interventions for chronic blepharitis.

Kristina Lindsley1, Sueko Matsumura, Elham Hatef

  • 1Center for Clinical Trials, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland,USA. klindsle@jhsph.edu.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|May 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found limited evidence for chronic blepharitis treatments, with topical antibiotics and lid hygiene offering some relief. Further research is needed to establish effective treatments for this common inflammatory eye condition.

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Intense Pulsed Light for the Treatment of Dry Eye Owing to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Published on: April 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Evidence-based medicine
  • Clinical trials

Background:

  • Blepharitis is a common inflammatory eyelid condition causing itchiness, redness, and crusting, potentially leading to vision impairment.
  • Its multifactorial causes include bacterial infections, Demodex mites, and inflammatory skin conditions.
  • Chronic blepharitis is categorized as anterior (e.g., staphylococcal) or posterior (e.g., meibomian gland dysfunction).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions for chronic blepharitis.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple electronic databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, mRCT, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP) up to February 2012.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized controlled trials (CCTs) involving adults with chronic blepharitis.
  • Independent data extraction and risk of bias assessment by two authors; meta-analysis where appropriate, otherwise narrative synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-four studies with 2169 participants were included, focusing on anterior/mixed and posterior blepharitis.
  • Topical antibiotics showed symptomatic relief and bacterial eradication for anterior blepharitis.
  • Lid hygiene provided symptomatic relief for both anterior and posterior blepharitis; effectiveness of topical steroids and oral antibiotics was inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not strongly support any treatment for curing chronic blepharitis.
  • Further high-quality RCTs are necessary, comparing interventions against conventional lid hygiene and head-to-head.
  • Future research should stratify by blepharitis type, use validated patient-centered outcomes, and include long-term follow-up (≥1 year).