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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography
06:49

Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography

Published on: June 20, 2016

Active capillary plasma source for ambient mass spectrometry.

Maryia M Nudnova1, Liang Zhu, Renato Zenobi

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM
|May 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a plasma-based active capillary ionization source for ambient mass spectrometry. This novel device efficiently transports and ionizes samples, enhancing analysis of both gas and solid phases.

More Related Videos

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction
11:16

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Published on: March 5, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography
06:49

Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography

Published on: June 20, 2016

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction
11:16

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Published on: March 5, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • High spatial resolution imaging mass spectrometry is a growing field.
  • Ambient pressure mass spectrometry requires efficient sample transport and ionization.
  • Analyzing small amounts of substances at ambient pressures presents challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an active sampling capillary for ambient mass spectrometry.
  • To create an integrated ionization source and atmospheric interface.
  • To enable robust ionization of gas-phase and solid-phase samples.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed an active sampling capillary utilizing a dielectric barrier discharge.
  • Employed a pressure difference for sample transport from ambient conditions to vacuum.
  • Investigated electrode geometry for optimizing ionization efficiency.
  • Performed sensitivity tests on various capillary constructions.

Main Results:

  • Optimized capillary design for solid sample surface analysis.
  • Achieved a sensitivity of 0.1 ppb for gaseous samples.
  • Successfully detected anthracene traces evaporated from a solid surface.
  • Demonstrated robust ionization for both gas and laser-ablated solid samples.

Conclusions:

  • A novel plasma-based active capillary ionization source was successfully constructed.
  • This active sample inlet broadens the applicability of ambient mass spectrometry.
  • The developed technology facilitates analysis of diverse sample types at atmospheric pressure.