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Updated: May 22, 2026
Robust Detection of Gene Amplification in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Published on: July 12, 2024
Fluorescence in situ hybridization of three oncogenes on a leiomyoma
Shamim Ahmad Faruqi1, Mohammad Saquib, Christopher Harsch
1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, Pennsylvania 19013 USA. shamim@zebraglobal.net
Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, expression of three oncogenes, C-myc, RARa, and cyclin-D was tested on a uterine leiomyoma. C-myc and RARa were amplified in approximately 30% and 90% of the cells, respectively. Numerous small signals of C-myc were indicative of the presence of double minutes. Amplification of RARa is being reported for the first time in a leiomyoma. Cyclin-D was normal in diploid cells while it was highly amplified in polyploid cells. Low levels of amplified C-myc and cyclin-D cells seem to be the reason for this tumor to be benign, while RARa could not be effective without the association of some other gene such as PML. Information presented here are significant toward developing new curative strategies such as gene-specific drugs and molecular manipulation to stop the activity of cancer gene. Further study may elucidate that how fibroids grow and maintain their rare benign nature.
Insights
This study investigated oncogene expression in uterine leiomyoma, finding C-myc and RARa amplification. These findings offer insights into fibroid growth and potential new cancer gene therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Uterine leiomyomas are common benign tumors.
- Understanding the genetic alterations in leiomyomas is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression and amplification of oncogenes C-myc, RARa, and cyclin-D in uterine leiomyoma.
- To explore the potential role of these oncogenes in the benign nature of uterine leiomyomas.
Main Methods:
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique was employed.
- Expression levels of C-myc, RARa, and cyclin-D were analyzed in uterine leiomyoma cells.
Main Results:
- C-myc and RARa oncogenes were amplified in approximately 30% and 90% of cells, respectively.
- RARa amplification is reported for the first time in a leiomyoma.
- Cyclin-D showed normal diploid cell levels but was highly amplified in polyploid cells.
- Double minutes, indicative of C-myc amplification, were observed.
Conclusions:
- Low levels of amplified C-myc and cyclin-D may contribute to the benign nature of this uterine leiomyoma.
- RARa's effectiveness might depend on its association with other genes, like PML.
- The findings provide a basis for developing novel gene-specific drugs and molecular strategies for cancer gene intervention.
- Further research is needed to fully understand fibroid growth and their benign characteristics.
