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Unexpected decrease in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol with weight loss.

P D Thompson, R W Jeffery, R R Wing

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |October 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Weight loss in obese females temporarily lowers high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. This decrease, linked to negative caloric balance, may complicate studies on HDL cholesterol and obesity.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Metabolic Disorders
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is inversely associated with coronary heart disease (CHD).
    • Obesity is linked to lower plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations.
    • Limited prospective research exists on weight loss effects on HDL-cholesterol.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of a structured weight loss program on plasma lipoprotein levels in obese females.
    • To examine the short-term and medium-term effects of weight reduction on HDL-cholesterol and other lipids.

    Main Methods:

    • 15 obese females participated in a 10-week weight loss program.
    • Plasma lipoprotein levels (including HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol) were measured before and after the program.

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  • A subgroup of 11 subjects had repeat measurements 8 months post-intervention.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant mean weight loss of 8.6 kg over 10 weeks (P < 0.001).
    • Plasma triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.02, respectively).
    • At 8 months, despite sustained weight loss, all lipid values, including HDL-cholesterol, returned to pretreatment levels.
    • Multiple regression indicated HDL-cholesterol decreased with increasing relative weight and rate of weight loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Negative caloric balance during weight loss leads to a reduction in HDL-cholesterol.
    • The transient decrease in HDL-cholesterol during weight loss may confound observational studies examining the relationship between HDL-cholesterol and obesity indices.