Benign metastasising leiomyoma: a progressive disease despite chemical and surgical castration

Benign metastasising leiomyoma (BML) is a rare entity characterised by uterine leiomyoma that, later on, develops slow-growing metastasis mainly to the lung. In general, these lung metastases are incidentally discovered, but sometimes can become symptomatic with dyspnoea, cough and chest pain. The expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors by these tumours supports the idea that they respond to hormone therapy (chemical, with oestrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors or luteinising hormone releasing hormone analogues and surgical, with bilateral adnexectomy). The authors present a case report of BML with two peculiarities: a less common pattern of metastisation (soft tissue), in addition to lung; and disease progression despite treatment with chemical and surgical castration.